The need for humor nfh scale measures the tendency to produce and seek out humor. Current levels of positive and negative affect were also obtained in the morning and evening of each. Respondents rate the degree to which each statement describes them on a scale from 1 strongly disagree to 4 strongly agree. In order to assess the extent to which the bereaved persons were experiencing humor, laughter and happiness in their daily lives we developed a five item scale. Coping schemas inventoryrevised, wong, reker, and peacock, 2006.
Svebaks 1974 sense of humour questionnaire containing three scales for each of his dimensions of the sense of humour and lefcourt and martins 1986 situational humor response questionnaire and coping humor scale served as measures of humour, while plutschiks 1981 scale for the. This questionnaire invites you to respond to how frequently you cope. Current levels of positive and negative affect were also obtained in the morning and evening. There was no significant relationship between stress levels and the coping mechanism of positive reframing, acceptance, humor, and religion. This study explored relationships between sense of humor, stress, and coping strategies.
Coping responses were assessed by 12 coping scales. This measure was selected because it was specifically designed to assess the degree to which individuals maintain a humourous outlook when confronted with potentially stressful situations. The present study investigated the proposal that increased laughter can serve to moderate the affective impact of negative life events. Humor used as a positive coping method may have useful benefits to emotional and mental health wellbeing. Community participants kept a record of their actual frequency of laughter for a 3day period, and completed a measure of stressful life events each evening.
The associations of humorous coping styles, affective states, job demands and job control with the frequency of upper respiratory tract infection authors. Humorous coping scales and their fit to a stress and coping framework. People experience and express humor in many different ways. Stereotypes and sense of humor 271 subscales to distinguish humor patterns across spanish and american samples, with the former using coping humor and the latter producing more humor. In addition, the subjects completed the ways of coping scale, which assesses a number of different coping strategies for handling potentially stressful events, including seeking social support, distancing oneself, confrontive coping, and so on. Scales from the cope have been utilized in recent sport research e. The coping humor scale chs is a selfreport measure of 7 items that measures the degree to which respondents make use of humor in coping with stress in their lives. The scale was translated into german and modified as a statesensitive questionnaire asking about coping humor in the past 2 weeks and includes seven items with a fourpoint likert scale ranging from one to four.
The development of a humor styles questionnaire for. Coping by competitive athletes with performance stress. Aug 29, 2018 scale dependent variable coping humor. The coping with humor scale lefcourt and martin 1986 was used to measure individual dierences in the use of humor as a coping strategy. In addition, although it focusses on humour in response. Dimensionality and relationships with approach and avoidancemotives and positive and negative traits jordan a. In this view, a humorous perspective mitigates the negative consequences of adversity. Bahria journal of professional psychology, july 20, vol. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the cse scale revealed three factors. Humor positive psychology laughter the best medicine. Although laughing is universal, and even common in babies although we dont know exactly what they are laughing about, of course, there are jokes that require complex thought and reasoning cognitive abilities.
Coping with mental illness is a challenge that many of us will experience it at some point in our lives. Coping with anxiety introduction coping with anxiety workbook. The css is a selfreport measure and consists of 22 items. High and low sense of humor groups were determined by selecting participants with selfreported sense of humor at one standard deviation above and below the overall mean on the sense of humor scale. However, a slightly greater use of humor as a coping mechanism was reported by teachers. The situational humor response questionnaire shrq and. Use the following scale and respond to each statement by placing a number in the blank space before each item. The development of a humor styles questionnaire for younger. Over your career you have devoted considerable energy to measuring a variety of individual differences in humor and laughter. This is consistent with the freudian notion of humor as a healthy defense mechanism. Religiousness, religious fundamentalism, and quest as. Psychometric properties of the briefcope for the evaluation. The use of humor as a coping mechanism to moderate the impact of stressful events on mood states and to improve the ability to relax have been documented and analyzed in college students10.
I make comments that reflect humor about the issue. Like the importance scale, the individual items related to the experience of happiness were endorsed more than the items related to the experience of humor or laughter. One of the most popular is the cope coping orientation to problems ex. Humour scale appraised the exam as more of a positive challenge than did. Remember, a good sense of humor prevents hardening of the attitudes. Each of the five items began with the timeframe of during the past week followed by 1 i have enjoyed the humor of others, 2 i had a good laugh, 3 i did something that made me feel happy, 4. The coping humor scale is a selfreport scale that assesses the degree to. Using laughter as a coping mechanism verywell mind. Even though you may be fine with your coping mechanism doesnt mean everyone else is. The study used a single item to evaluate the extent to which the entrepreneur uses humor to cope with pressure. The coping humor scale was developed specifically to assess the degree to which subjects report using humor to cope with. Selfenhancing humor is an optimistic, coping humor, characterized by the ability to laugh at yourself or at the absurdity of a situation and feel better as a result. A sense of humor is an important psychological trait, because it is relevant to how well people can cope with stress and difficulities, and it plays an important role in success in social interaction, including romantic attraction a sense of humor is an attractive trait. Below is a list of statements describing different ways in which humor might be experienced.
Coping strategies scale information description this 23item questionnaire originally adapted from the processes of change questionnaire, prochaska et al. The coping humor scale was developed specifically to assess the degree to which subjects report using humor to cope with stressful life situations. Undergraduate students n258 from introductory psychology courses completed a perceived stress scale, an everyday problems scale, a state anxiety inventory, a sense of humor scale, and a scale assessing their preferred coping strategies. This personality trait affects the processing and recall of humorous material. In studies using the coping humor scale chs andor the situational humor. Participants completed the multidimensional sense of humor scale mshs and. To investigate this fit 81 items from seven currently available humorous coping scales have been subjected to a facet analysis, using the tool of a mapping. There is no such thing as an overall score on this measure, and i recommend no particular way of generating a dominant coping style for a give person. Each item is answered on a 5point likert rating scale to show the extent to which the item is true for them. Bahria journal of professional psychology, july 20, vol12, 2, 423. May 31, 2019 talking to friends and finding social support when stressed is a triedandtrue coping strategy. Efficacy and feasibility of a humor training for people. Coping strategies inventory please read these instructions carefully.
Humor as a way of coping and enhancing relationships one conceptualization that seems particularly germane to positive psychology is the view of humor as a way of coping with stress. Pdf the situational humor response questionnaire shrq and the coping humor scale chs are selfreport measures of different aspects of the sense of. It consists of 7 items, each of which is a selfdescriptive statement about the use of humor in coping with life stress. Here are some things you quickly realize when your coping mechanism is a humorlaughing hybrid.
Pdf humorous coping scales and their fit to a stress and. The coping humor scale chs assesses the participants ability to use humor to cope with difficult life events. Martin university of western ontario london, ontario. Avoidance coping 3, 6, 8, 16, 18, 19, 26, 28 altering consciousness 4, 11, 22, 27 seeking support 5, 10, 15, 21, 23 item 9 did not load on to any of the four types of coping and so was excluded. It has been my experience that humor is often a very effective way of coping with. If you find a friend who helps you to find the humor in stressful situations, or even just laugh at other things, hold onto them and value this quality. Pdf the situational humor response questionnaire shrq. High and low sense of humor groups were determined by. Humor response questionnaire shrq and coping humor scale chs. Several scales have been designed in order to measure coping strategies e.
Consistent with our predictions, individuals with high scores on the coping. Social coping recognises that individuals are bedded within a social environment, which can be stressful, but also is the source of coping resources, such as seeking social support from others. Psychological adjustment was measured using the beck depression inventory beck 1967, the interaction anxiousness scale leary 1983, the ucla loneliness scale russell et al. Use of humor as a coping mechanism, psychological adjustment. One of the most popular is the cope coping orientation to problems experienced inventory carver et al. The two hlh scales are conceptually unique, as determined by a principle components factor analysis, but highly correlated r0. This paper reports on the validity and utility of this instrument. I get so exhausted with the issue i just accept things the way they are. Version i a 53item selfreport inventory, using a 4point frequency scale, composed of 4item scales, and a 1item alcohol and drug use scale.
Coping humor was not correlated with any personality facets. The chs consists of 7 items, each of which is a selfdescriptive statement about the use of humor in coping with life stress. Stereotypes and sense of humor 269 surprising, given that sense of humor seems to consist of a relatively small number of. Humor is important for human emotion, socialisation, emotion, and coping. Humor, coping with stress, selfconcept, and psychological wellbeing.
Whether youre 25, 50, or 75 years old, you can learn to lighten up. This paper reports an investigation on the relationship between sense of humour and coping styles. Litman center for research in behavioral medicine and health psychology, department of psychology. Version ii a 60item selfreport inventory composed of 15 scales adding a humor scale and increasing the alcohol and drug use scale to 4 items. I usually look for something comical to say when i am in tense situations. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Coping humor in early adolescence coping humor in early adolescence 20020726 00. Most respondents reported a moderate level of stress and the common coping strategies identified were active coping, planning, and selfdistraction. Please read each statement carefully, and indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with it. The associations of humorous coping styles, affective. Coping humour, stress, and cognitive appraisals semantic scholar. The most widely used measures will be discussed here see ruch, 1998b, for a complete listing of humor measures.
The findings showed that they were not only coping better with the stress in their lives. Humor cracking jokes and laughing is not always appreciated. Two exploratory scales humor and drugalcohol use had also been developed. The coping scale for adults csa has been developed as an instrument to be used by teachers, administrators, parents, and adults in general to assist them to develop their coping resources.
Please read each statement carefully, and indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree wit. Sense of humor when coping with life stress sciencedirect. The item comes from the coping humor scale developed by martin and lefcourt 1983. Mar 20, 2019 the coping humor scale chs assesses the participants ability to use humor to cope with difficult life events. The scale was translated into german and modified as a statesensitive questionnaire asking about coping humor in the past 2 weeks and includes seven items with a fourpoint likertscale ranging from one to four. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia humor is defined as the tendency of particular cognitive responses to provoke laughter, physical reaction, and provide amusement. Be sure to return the favor whenever possible, too. Sep 29, 2014 popular measuring systems include martins situational humor response questionnaire shrq, which focuses on human mirth in daily life, and the coping humor scale chs, which deals more with humor being used as a coping measure for stress. I have never done that in my own use of the scales. Scores on the multidimensional sense of humor scale mshs are shown. Lefcourts 1983 coping humor scale, a survey concerning the use of humor in coping with stressful school situations. Humor scale mshs to fill the need of a measure in humor research that allows the study of. American journal of psychological research volume 6, number 1 submitted.
In addition to an overall sense of humor score, factor analysis of the mshs indicates four principal factors. Bahria journal of professional psychology, july 20, vol12. Humor, stress, and coping strategies semantic scholar. In addition, using the child version of the multidimensional sense of humor scale dowling and fain 1999, goodenough and ford 2005 found that humor may be a useful coping tool.
The situational humor response questionnaire shrq and the coping humor scale chs are selfreport measures of different aspects of the sense of humor that were developed in the context of an investigation of the stressmoderating effects of humor. Abstract this study explored relationships between sense of humor, stress, and coping strategies. The coping with anxiety workbook contains assessments and guided selfexploration activities that can be used with a variety of populations to help participants cope more effectively with the various forms of anxiety. Alternatively you can use carvers 14 types of coping classifications. People often react in different ways when they are faced with a difficult, challenging, or stressful issue in life. I can usually find something to laugh or joke about even in trying situations. Assessment of perceived levels of stress and coping. In addition, sense of humorisoften connectedto higher levels of selfesteem. Affiliative humor means cracking jokes, engaging in banter, and otherwise using humor to make others like us. Some of your earliest work, for example, developed both the coping humor scale chs and the situational humor. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
The different dimensions of the mshs have also shown links to personality characteristics among. Moreover, humor can be referred exclusively to a sympathetic, tolerant and benevolent form of amusement but not wit wickberg 1998. So youre never too old to learn to use humor to cope with stress. This 7item selfreport scale assesses the extent to which individuals use humor as a coping strategy for dealing with stressful life circumstances. A validity and reliability study of the coping selfefficacy. Lefcourt university af waterloo, ontario, canada kluwer academic plenum publishers new york.
Lasab311 lasad311 scale scores pdf availability of information per wave 1. Designed originally as a coping disposition inventory. Approach coping 1, 2, 7, 12, 14, 17, 20, 24, 25 avoidance coping 3, 6, 8, 16, 18, 19, 26, 28 altering consciousness 4, 11, 22, 27 seeking support 5, 10, 15, 21, 23 item 9 did not load on to any of the four types of coping and so was excluded. The situational humor response questionnaire shrq and the coping humor scale chs are selfreport measures of different aspects of the sense of humor that were developed in the context of an. It consists of 7 items, each of which is a selfdescriptive statement about the use of humor in. Defenses from dsmiv defensive functioning scale defense mechanisms or coping styles are automatic psychological processes that protect the individual against anxiety and from the awareness of internal or external dangers or stressors. Scales are computed as follows with no reversals of coding. In positive psychology, humor is studied in a variety of functions, particularly as a coping mechanism and as a character strength in the broadenandbuild. Coping humor scale chs international society for humor.
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